Darwins Theory of Evolution

The reason behind this change is the four building blocks of evolution which are natural selection, mutations, genetic drift and gene flow. Despite the availability of other mechanisms of the evolutionary process, Charles Darwin the father of evolution tends mostly to major in the case of Natural selection in explaining the evolutionary process. He uses the natural selection aspect to explain the modification and changes in the evolution system as a whole. Natural selection as a mechanism tends to be the basic building block and the basic foundation for the study of the various species (Darwin, and Prodger 24). The existence and survival of an organism depend on various attributes in its evolutionary process. According to the Freeman and Herron book (2001), it gives an exciting instance whereby the population of the mammals in the southern hemisphere is relatively much smaller, and as you go to the northern hemisphere it’s a different case.

In the northern hemisphere, the population of the mammals is relatively significant as compared to that in the south. This pattern as reflected by the freeman and Heron in the form of the population is what is termed and referred to as the cline variation (Ruse 13). Another variation among the organism is that of hybrid zone variation. In hybrid zones or regions, the relatively genetically different microorganisms come together and mate resulting in the production of plants or offspring with mixed and different backgrounds. In succession, the parental traits or characteristics are passed on or transferred to the offspring’s. The character traits that the child or family may inhibit include the color of their skin, the appearance, the height or even the color of the hair.

In the case of heredity, variation comes in and plays a role too. The different species inheriting character traits from their parents have specific survival mechanisms in which it will ensure their survival. In reproduction, half of the chromosomes usually come from the father and the other half coming from the mother. In genetic drift, the level of frequency of the alleles keeps changing due to the error in sampling from one generation to the other (Smith 200). The alleles are what determines the variations in traits in species. This sampling error may result in the complete disappearance of certain specific traits. This complete disappearance of character traits thus leads to the variation in the genetic makeup of certain species. In a larger population makeup, the genetic drift tends to be smaller compared to a small population where the genetic drift is large.