Physical Child Abuse research

In this case we are going to look at the physical child abuse Actions may cause several damages in a child including injury, or even death, however, inaction such as neglect and exploitation are also considered as physical child abuse. Many families especially which suffer from alcohol and drug abuse are mostly affected by physical child abuse. Physical child abuse can occur in any family, culture, ethnicity or income group in any form. In the United States alone, more than 3 million tales of child mistreatment are told annually to the government bodies. Many children do not know that they are undergoing physical abuse and this is a terrible behavior which harms a child. We are also going to look at why children are often physically abused, the effects of physical child abuse, what the law states about physical child abuse and the possible solutions to the problem.

Purpose of the Study This study is very important in understanding physical child abuse, and its effect on the child’s life. This study informs the learner on the physical child abuse, why it occurs to the children and how to stop it. Children’s lives are very important hence they should be protected and allowed to grow inadequate and secure environments free from physical abuse. Significance The study on the physical child abuse is very important because children who are maltreated or see the domestic brutality end up experiencing the cognitive, and behavioral problems, including depression, use of substances including alcohol and other drugs, difficulty in school, suicidal behavior, and early sexual activity. Also, many children do not understand that they are undergoing abuse hence the reporting is very low.

Definition of Terms Physical child abuse involves mistreatment of children; in this case, anyone below the age of 18 years is considered a child by the government. The physical child abuse theories involve system of ideas or suppositions which are intended to explain how the abuse occurs and why. Qualitative study involves theoretical research in a complete, detailed description while quantitative involves statistical models and numerical data. A combination of both the qualitative and quantitative study produces a richer, comprehensive understanding of the research study. The attachment theory- this theory suggests that behavior is learned through the bond that develops between the caregiver and the child. According to this theory, human behavior is learned by the results of the nurture provided by the caregiver to the child.

There are four attachment bonds including secure, pre-occupied, dismissive and fearful bond. The secure bond means that the child is securely attached to the caregiver hence they freely explore the surrounding and can easily be comforted. The pre-occupied attachment experience among the children makes them move easily between the caregivers and strangers as if they are looking for comfort but refuse it all together even when offered. For instance, in some cases, the father may be the executor and his daughter the victim and the mother may be reluctant to intervene which eventually appears to be unspoken approval for the father's actions hence this contributes to the repeated abuses. This theory, however, fails to recognize the role and influences of power and society on the human character and behavior.

Also, the discussion between the bystanders and the victims' responsibility in the physical child abuse may be overstressed which would lessen the perpetrators the responsibilities for their action. The self-efficacy theory focuses on the child’s personal characteristics or that of the parent and its effect on the child’s motivational and behavior and eventually the family functioning. The parent's expectations of efficiency influence their behavior and motivation and Self-efficacy theory covers all that. The sociological perspective looks at the political and social conditions which are important factors in existence of physical child abuse. The sociological perspective provides the information regarding why the physical child abuse happens. This perspective focuses on the protection of the child with regard to the abuse and gender issues.

The socio-cultural perspective looks at factors in the society which may contribute to the occurrence of abuses including the societal endorse of violence against children through such means as spanking. This theory emphasizes on the need for the greater societal changes in the treatment of the child to change the societal perception of discipline and physical child abuse. When representing the large population of physical child abuse cases, the survey method is effective in describing the relative characteristic of the general population of the people involved in the study. The better description or classification of the physical child abuse victims or perpetrators will allow the learner to analyze the age of the victim, the ages of perpetrators and so on. This method is also relatively cheaper because the research will only need to pay for the production of the survey questionnaires.

The collection of both the primary and secondary data by the participants is very easy when it comes to the surveying method. This is because the questionnaires may involve just fox or emails which are administered through the internet. The periodic interval will be determined by the population size and the desired size. This study will incorporate people from all socio-economical groups, all ethnicities, and ages. Children will answer questions regarding their experience with abuse, whether they have experienced or witnessed their peers having any kind of abuse from perpetrators. The adult participants will respond to the questions regarding their childhood experience, that is if they experience any physical child abuse and how it affected them in the long run. The research study will take about one month which involves the process of gathering information, sampling, and analysis.

The survey question, in this case, will include one idea or question, be in the neutral unbiased language, define the scope to consider in this case the time or activity, use simple, clear, and consistent language, and in numeric responses the answers be provided in units such as percentages. Understanding the cognitive psychological principles will enable the researcher to formulate good questions which provide the necessary consistency and standard questions to develop the evaluation. All the information gathered in the survey's methods including the interview and the questionnaire can be used for both the qualitative and quantitative data. PROCEDURE One of the most important factors in a survey research study involves being clear on the purpose and scope. This study involves identifying factors leading to physical child abuse and how it happens.

The statistical significances between the different groups are also very important in identifying the variables, numerical and the categories including the gender male or female, their age, socio-economy class, ethnicity, and demographics. References Bell, E. , Bryman, A. , & Harley, B. Business research methods.  (2016) Social research methods. Oxford university press. http://www. academia. edu/download/31178620/SE2_summary_Social_Research_Methods_in_Dutch. Diagnostic imaging of physical child abuse. Cambridge University Press. https://books. google. com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=_kdLCgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR9&dq=Kleinman,+Paul+K. sgu. ru/storage/oec-j2ee6/ROOT/userFiles/messages/messages_1280459468. pdf Rich, Richard C. , et al.  (2018) Empirical political analysis: Quantitative and qualitative research methods. pdf Sekaran, Uma, and Roger Bougie.  (2016) Research methods for business: A skill building approach.