Learning Theories and Educational Philosophy

Document Type:Essay

Subject Area:Media

Document 1

There are two approaches to the study of learning - the behavioral approach and the cognitive approach to learning. Behavioral theorists say that learning takes place in response to events/happenings in a person’s external environment while the cognitive theorists believe that learning takes place as a result of somebody’s deliberate and conscious processing capability as well as the storage mode. Behaviorist theories Behavioral theorists define learning in terms of an association between stimulus and response, where the stimulus is an external object that a person senses and perceives, and response is reflected in form of a behavior that a person displays while reacting to the external object subjected to them. The theories are based on the assumption that: • People will learn from the associated stimuli and the response witnessed.

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Behavioral theories are classified into: • Theory of Classical Conditioning Classical conditioning – conditioned learning results when a stimulus that is paired with another stimulus elicits a known response and serves to produce the same response by itself (Kendall, & Hollon, 2013). However, some critics are against the theory of reinforcement leading to learning. They suggested that there are other elements that would lead to learning for example learning by observing others, by modelling and also copying others. Personal beliefs on how people learn best People learn from one another through observation and modeling. There is need for attention and long-term memory storage to facilitate learning. When someone observes another person performing or acting in a particular way, he/she will store the behavior in his memory and apply it in real life.

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