Integrative Personality Theory

Document Type:Research Paper

Subject Area:Psychology

Document 1

The environment plays a major role in this too. Finally, the social and cultural norms and society set rules too influences personality. Change is inevitable. Human dynamism has brought about change in the way people think, feels and behaves. This defines the reason behind different individual’s reaction towards a given subject. Furthermore, the paper will take on a journey into how Heredity, the Environment, and Epigenetics play a role in personality traits based on the things we do in life whether to if is by environmental or hereditary factors as well as epigenetics. This paper will also look at assessment and measurement on how individual personality traits are being assessed and measure as well as self-reflection on how our personality help to shape us into who we are as an individual.

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Included Concepts Behavioral Model Concept From their view, John Watson, Neal Miller, Burrhus Skinner and John Dollard suggested that personality focuses on various inducements and behavioral responses. It expounds on the existence of different aspects of an individual’s personality, its method of recognition and how any negative personality can be handled. It basically focuses on identifying what is typically observable after it has been formulated in the human mind and then acted. The past and especially childhood experiences plays a great deal in such a situation. A child who was brought up in a harsh environment ought to possess some negative behavior which will be as a result of traumatizing and stressful past. A child who was brought up in a peaceful environment ought to possess a great deal of positive behavior.

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Psychodynamic Model Concept Sigmond Freud suggested that we ae driven by erotic and aggressive instincts, such as ego, that we naturally possess. This forms the structure of the human mind. The second bit is the ego, referred to reality principle, which is driven by the urge to survive. It is sort as the control between the id and super ego. The third is the super ego is the level that clearly writes the rights and wrongs in your mind. It sorts to control the ego by choosing what is moral. It is from these three forces that Freud forms the psychodynamic model concept. They came to a conclusion that, the ability to communicate and interact with those around depends heavily on behavioral transaction and psychological processes.

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According to L’abate, Lambert and Schenk stated that the attribution towards to oneself and others either family or non-family depends on the degree of importance and concern that an individual attaches towards those around them. This concern attributed may either be negative or positive. This may thus arise into either four susceptibility: One a win-win situation which displays selflessness. Two I win, you lose situation which plays a greater role in the development of self-centeredness. Traits plays a great role in leading us to undertake a certain course and action and the end result. This theory grouped traits into three categories: Cardinal approach which dominate and shape our behavior. Central traits which are inborn such as honesty. The third bit is secondary traits only emanate in given situations.

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They trigger human complexity. This is so in that they learn from their past failures ad achievements. Self-Psychology Theory It expounds on the growth and development of human beings as a result of self-realization. Human behavior emanated from our desire to achieve and grow which is attributed by understanding our potential and reason for existence (Horstkötter, 2014). They suggested that understanding oneself forms that central agency that triggers human psyche. However, this theory was rejected as some people do not view the possibility and ability of realizing a behavior other than what it is. An unhealthy personality is backed up by negative behavior (Tran & Rimes, 2017). This may include; stress and depression often caused by inability to accept what one cannot change.

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Thus ab individual is unable to cope with the reality and it is here the Id and superego are at loggerheads. Hostility to all forms of authority which is characterized by disrespect for the rules and regulations set up. Thus one is in a conflict with the system or culture. This is so in that some offspring takes certain traits from their parents, example a daughter may take her hardworking nature from her mother. In another research, scientists came to a realization that there is more than 50% inheritance of intelligent quotient (IQ). Thus heredity plays a major role in influencing personality. Environment entails all that surrounds us. It entails the stimulating factors which an individual faces from conception to death. Assessment and Measurement of the Theory.

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When evaluating and determining personal characteristics, an individual may decide to use different assessment methods. This may entail; interviewing which is based on the view of person being assessed. This include behavioral interviews. Self-reports such as the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), Project techniques such as the Rorschach Inkblot Test The psychodynamic theory may be measured using the Rorschach Inkblot Test which consists of 10 cards with blots of ink on them. This assessment enables assessors gather information pertaining human formulation before undertaking a given action. It enhances understanding of strength, regularity and extensiveness of the behavior. Self-Reflection I have always held the opinion that my personality is majorly influenced by my environment. That is so in that I have always perceived my surrounding as having much influence from my childhood to date.

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I now know that personality comes from my genetic heredity which actually forms more than 50% of my traits. This influences our every day’s interaction with nature and it plays a major role in influencing our relationship with our fellow being. We should thus be open to the idea that despite our environment, behavior can be influenced by our heredity and epigenetics. This psyches me to make each day a learning endeavor. References Goldberg, D. A. 1215/0041462x-4298992 Horstkötter, D. Self-control and normativity: Theories in social psychology revisited. Theory & Psychology, 25(1), 25-44. doi:10. 1177/0959354314561487 Johnson, C. 912352 Parent-Child Interaction and Parent-Child Relations. doi:10. 4324/9780203728208 Sugarman, S. Freud on psychoanalysis: Five Lectures on Psychoanalysis (1909a). What Freud Really Meant, 4-14. , & Rimes, K. A. Unhealthy perfectionism, negative beliefs about emotions, emotional suppression, and depression in students: A mediational analysis.

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