Scientific management theory

Document Type:Research Paper

Subject Area:Management

Document 1

Knowledge of this theory ensures that users are at higher chances of mastering industrial management. Managers are also able to use their knowledge of quantitative analysis and measurable data to enhance operations in businesses. An American engineer by the name Frederick W Taylor was the founder of the scientific theory of management. One of the most important works that were done by Taylor was The Principle of Scientific Management that was published in 1911. Other key theorist includes Frank Gilbreth and his wife Lillian Moller Gilbreth. Less production time due to pre-established operations hence fewer delays The disadvantages of the scientific management are; 1. There is a huge capital requirement for the process hence considered costly. Such amounts of capital investments are used for example in the training of workers and standardization.

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The activities in this system are bureaucratic and strict leading to the dissatisfaction of the employees hence high staff turnover. The theory follows a specific approach making the employees work like machines. The main advantage of the theory is that it actually worked for organizations The limitations of the Administrative Management Theory include; 1. It doesn’t give much attention to the plights of the workers 2. It doesn’t give much attention to the informal organizational structures 3. The theory doesn’t pay attention to important aspects such as motivation and leading. Gave more attention to commanding rather than directing. Another limitation of the theory is the adaptability aspect where we assume that implementing the practice will help in any situation throughout life.

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Management Science Theory (1945-1995) It was developed during the World War II as a solution to issues of warfare. This theory involves the use of thorough quantitative techniques for the maximization of the organizational resources for the production of goods and services. It is an extension of the scientific management as it involves the use of the mathematical approach. Its branches include quality management, operations research, total quality management and management information systems. The success of any organization can be evaluated by how effective the management is able to acquire the scarce resources. The Open-System View developed by Daniel Katz and Robert Kahn (Argyris, 2017). The theory views the organization as an open system. Here, the system takes the researches from the external environment to produce goods and services which is then taken back to the external environment through sales to the customers.

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The money that shall have been acquired through the sale of those goods and services shall be used to acquire more goods and services hence a cycle. The managers, therefore, need to find better ways to coordinate the departments to match the changing environment. The contingency theory is complex in nature and lacks adequate literature. This makes the approach difficult to test. The benefits of the Open System View are that there is more effective problem solving as the organization is seen in a bigger picture, there is effective leadership as leaders give directions while others follow them; there is effective communication in the organization. Planning is also affecting in this theory (Quirke, 2017) References Argyris, C. D. Organizations in action: Social science bases of administrative theory.

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