Impact of Globalization on World Culture

The main cause of globalization has not been entirely been captured by research. It is a multidimensional aspect which entails the element of an economy but also ideological, cultural and political facets (Prasas and Prasad, 2006). In addressing globalization you need to focus on social sciences, politics, economics and international relations. What has been realized over the period is that the impact which globalization has on the people culture and society has little been addressed. Sincerely, we can say that the interaction of culture and globalization is still under research and the debate about globalization only talks about the recent things (Acosta and Gonzalez, 2010). The strength thing is that countries have not eliminated the changes in the gap between the poor and the rich in nations.

Different researchers have not exactly agreed on how culture can be defined and thus the existence of various definitions. Culture as a discipline has been studied in different fields like sociology, anthropology, and psychology. Hofstede defines culture to be collective programming of the mind which is able to distinguish a member of the certain group from the other. In this definition the mind is used to refer to feelings, thinking and acting consequences like attitudes, behavior, and beliefs. The Indian culture teaches people to behave well, respect the elders, and care for those in need and poor. It entails to worshiping of their gods, offering food and services to the disabled and hungry. The basis for Indian culture is spiritual practices and humanity.

Indians are famous for their gentle and mild behavior despite the aggressive things which other people say about their culture. The legend Mahatma Gandhi gave a lot of legacy to the Indian culture and was able to build Ahimsa, and some of his sentiments encouraged people not to fight but be polite if they want to achieve. Thus we can say that globalization is the mix of homogenization and hybridization which is based on an idea that offspring is rooted in the breadth of racism and with little inferences on a mixed breed. Making an argument based on the theory of Gobineau’s about Arayn master race it is true that race creates culture and mixing of white, yellow and black races will establish a peaceful society”(Ritzer, 2010).

From the premise of this theory, some parts of central Asia, Eastern Europe, Middle East and North Africa made up of different races. When races merge as one people will have questions on purity fo0r their culture and mostly for the ancestors who value culture. Through hybridization elements of nationalism are merged with taboos and marginalized experiences. In Indians, we could have many other people from different parts embracing the Indian culture. Glocalization looks into the interpretation of local and global aspects and thus producing different geographic regions. “It is based on the idea that the world is comprised of different people who are innovative and come up with new ways of doing things and other people to embrace them” (Giulianotti and Robertson, 2007).

Hybridization, represent both interconnection and differentiation and thus we should not focus on the world as a monolithic network but a collection of partially overlapping socio-techno cultural landscapes. These established landscapes help us to examine disjuncture’s between culture, economy, and politics which are the diverse constitutes of globalization. These dimensions are born to change from one country to the other. In my analysis, I will this model of to analyze India. The diagram below shows the model of dimension used by Hofstede in analyzing culture to a certain country (Hofstede & Hofstede, 2005). • Power distance dimension looks into how the culture can accept the existing differences in the society. India has high scores and this is due to the strong appreciation of hierarchy.

India has a high index on this and due to the religion of Hinduism the aspect of masculine which highly prevails in the country gets restricted from being materialistic and thus creating a sense of humility. • Uncertainty Avoidance relates how people act in uncertain situations. Countries with high UAI are the ones which try to reduce cases leading to ambiguous situations. India has a medium value on this dimension. The Indian society is highly intolerant to uncertain events. The rising consumer culture is mostly linked to the spread of capitalism in the various nations and thus resulting in cultural imperialism. This statement implies that the culture which determines how people consume is based on actions and experience which people have gained through interacting with others.

The media has the potential of creating a hyper-real world and thus influences the preferences which individuals have for certain commodities. Homogenization and culture This is the wide range exchange and movement of goods, capitals, services, technology transfer with an inclusion of human movement internationally with an aim of enhancing world’s culture. The homogenization outlook has led to increased interconnectivity between different countries and distinct traverse cultures making the world global with an adoption of western Euro-American representation of social organization and standards of living (Liebes, 2003). This has been depicted on internet whereby most of the web pages used in the world are owned and controlled by American companies at large. In addition, there is an American domination of media which is witnessed in music, popular films, satellites and television stations at different parts of the world.

It is evident the American cultures are open and aim at increasing economic activities since it is largely admired by both developing and developed populations. Nevertheless, it is argued that countries which embrace similar values to those of Americans are more likely to adopt American cultures and argue that they belong to them. On the other hand, there is doubt of whether McDonaldization theory contributes to homogenization point of view. From the study of McDonaldization theory, Talbolt “scrutinizes the fast food technique at a fast food restaurant in Moscow where he concludes that the McDonaldization theory is not that accurate where every point stated in the method came out with a different outcome” (Hassi, & Storti, 2017). In opposition to predictability in McDonaldization theory, “states that the lure for the Russian shopper is in the diversified and exclusive lines of products that are offered not the ordinary menu items that one thinks they may be found in Russia.

Similarly, Americans reliance to fast food principles has been embraced in China, South-east Asia as well as in India which has been attributed to the taste and different customer wants” (Prasad, & Prasad, 2007). Finally Appadurai and Pieterse state that some cultures have been able to resist foreign cultural influences making cultural homogenization unsophisticated. Real and potential impacts of globalization through Hybridization. Hybridization is the process of translocal fusion and cultural mixing touches on the interaction between culture and globalization. According to the view in hybridization, internal and external factors intermingle to create a cultural hybrid with two components (Ritzer, 2010). Even though we have external factors which help to protect the culture from being washed away by this changes but they are not powerful to totally block the external flows.

The key thing in hybridization is mixing and blending different cultures. “Thus we can say that globalization is a mix of homogenization and hybridization which is based on an idea that offspring is rooted in the breadth of racism and with little inferences on the mixed breed. Some cultures have been fused for centuries like the Indian which is old and has been followed by many people getting few changes. Studies on hybridization have linked with glocalization and creolization (Hannerz, 1992). Creole is used in this case to refer to the people who have different colors and have absorbed in the creolization of culture. In Indians, we could have many other people from different parts embracing the Indian culture. Glocalization looks into the interpretation of local and global aspects and thus producing different geographic regions (Giulianotti and Robertson, 2007).

The theory of hybridization can hide some of the elements of mixing and to avoid these distinctions need to be made on the various styles and types of mixing aspect of culture and evaluating them. Conclusion An interaction of culture and globalization is through the aspects of homogenization and hybridization is analyzed through literature using various theories. The shift experienced in one culture is due to interaction with other culture in the bordering countries. It has to be realized that the experienced shift does not mean that the original culture standardization is based on American or European models. We do have scholars who fail to agree with the idea of homogenization and convergence due to the empirical evidence which does support globalization to be preserving the particularities of a country.

I. A Thermodynamic Approach for the Emergence of Globalization. In Globalization-Today, Tomorrow. InTech. Beck, U. The fate of culture. The Wilson Quarterly (1976-), 26(4), 78-84. Featherstone, J. M. The paradox of culture and the globalization of diversity. The interplay between the convoluting forces of culture and globalization. Journal for Global Business Advancement, 10(3), 261-280. Hofstede G and Hofstede J (2005) Cultures and Organizations: Software of the mind. McGraw-Hill New York Jaja, J. M. The globalization of operations in Eastern and Western countries: Unpacking the relationship between national and organizational culture and its impact on manufacturing performance. Journal of operations management, 28(3), 194-205. Pieterse, J. N. Globalization north and south: representations of uneven development and the interaction of modernities. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Ritzer, G. McDonaldization: The Reader.