Human Trafficking Issues Research Proposal

To strengthen the power of each unit, an Ant-Trafficking in Person Unit has been set in each of the bodies above to enhance the trust and power granted to them by the government. Accordingly, the bodies execute their duties based on the 2007 Act of Anti-Trafficking in Persons. Immigration department just like other bodies are dedicated through its officers in combating human trafficking in Malaysia. Specific areas of abuse in Malaysia include sexual assault & exploitation, human labor force, and selling of babies. Despite several efforts by the immigration department to end human trafficking in Malaysia, inadequate expertise and lack of enough man power have continuously affected the duties of the officers in policy implementation. The enforcement through its legal framework was strengthened by implemented trainings of officers and attendance of investigation in Malaysia and abroad2.

Moreover, the entire government enforcement agencies were provided with seminars and forums for discussions to boast the implementation of the regulations in combating human trafficking. Human Trafficking and Role of the immigration department Community Trust is a setup and a profoundly regarded relationship between an organization and the subjects it has been endowed to serve. The immigration department just like other organizations in Malaysia has been entitled to end human trafficking in the country. They are then obligated to successfully implement policies and use the legal authorization in 3administering their services in regard with their expertise trustworthiness, authenticity, capability and honesty. All the police officers must be regulated and considered responsible for any misconduct or behavior that may interfere with the reports on Anti-trafficking cases4.

Statistics done in 2011 showed a decline of trafficking offenses as compared to 2010. This was a sign of effective efforts by the government of Malaysia to eradicate the vice in the region. Great part of the contributing factors to the decline was dedicated to effective coordination among the enforcement agencies and the department of Malaysian Law enforcement. An integrated effort by the law enforcement officers and agencies is another key contributor to the decline of the vice. The article will focus on the key challenges facing the immigration Department in Malaysia as mentioned by various parties of the public. Research Objectives 1. To determine issues faced by immigration Department during human trafficking Investigation in Malaysia. To investigate lack of expertise and inadequate man power as the main bureaucratic challenge faced by immigration officers during human trafficking policy implementation in Malaysia.

Understand the key contributors like poor facilities and lack of interpreters as well as quality equipment as challenges faced by the immigration Department during human trafficking eradication in Malaysia. To stop human trafficking, divergent multi-disciplinary and integrated approaches should be adopted by immigration department through its officers. Certain methods and conventional theories have come up with unique strategies to eliminate the vice in Malaysia (113-191)10. Truong insisted that interdependent factors as well as interconnected enforcement personnel should be established in Malaysia to help solve the root cause of human trafficking in Malaysia (1-30)11. The need for integrated and interconnected trained personnel sparks certain limitations to the immigration officers. Inadequate number of immigration officers might be experienced in the immigration department to coordinate operations in Malaysia and connect with other international immigration departments in the world while dealing with human trafficking.

Therefore, there is need for setting a reputable policy that will help and guide management and handling of human trafficking cases with an aim of detecting and preventing them in Malaysia. The Malaysian immigration department is in charge of the detection and prevention of fraud on human trafficking, real cases of human trafficking, implementation of Anti-trafficking policy framework and other different inconsistencies. Police corruption and fraudulence are characterized as the deliberate, false portrayal or covering of an activity with the end goal of achieving personal interest like finances. Every individual from the management group will be acquainted with the sorts of indecencies that may happen inside his or her range of duty, and be ready for any sign of inconsistency (488-503)16.

Any abnormality that is recognized or suspected must be accounted for quickly to the Director of investigations, who organizes all examinations with the Legal Department and other influenced regions, both internal and external to the department. • Weber emphasized the need for a system of an hierarchy that will allow supervision of junior employees and workers executing duties in the lower-levels of management in the organization. • Technical qualifications are critical for executing duties. Based on the above characteristics, Weber argues that organizational bureaucracy is efficient and logical when implementing imperative control over employees and workers in a department entitled with certain legal duties to undertake (Weber in Guy Peters, 2010)18. Weber believed in efficient way of executing roles while undertaking legal duties and assignments.

External biasness and greed should not be seen in implementation process and the outcome expected. This is because they are needed to engage in a critical role of materializing an intended policy into practice. Furthermore, the implementation theory calls for many actors in the field to exercise their roles in the most expertise manner they can21. Successful implementation of policies and tasks needs quite technical skills for setting priorities and sufficiently carrying out a plan. Inter-organizational coordination This study is exploring inter-coordination and connections of the diverse organizations involved in combating human trafficking in Malaysia. Policy implementation is intra-and inter-organizational job that should be well coordinated to achieve a success22. In 2004, Bill Cosby was accused of rape and sexual assault by 13 different women.

The civil lawsuit against him claimed several cases of drugging and sexually assaulting women25. The governments through law enforcement agencies are entitled to protect women, men and children from civil cases like rape and sexual assault. Unfortunately, most of the political leaders, movie stars and other celebrities involved in rape and sexual assault are not charged by the government and the judiciary. Some are not convicted despite presence of relevant evidence in the court of law. However, the training needed to make the officers on duty and the number of the officers in the field is not yet addressed at all. This research seeks to examine the existence of the above issues and state how it has affected immigration department in investigating of human trafficking in Malaysia.

Research Methodology A descriptive research design will be adopted in the research study to describe and establish what relationship exists between expertise techniques and human trafficking management by immigration department while assisting in improving and combating human trafficking in Malaysia. One important variable of the descriptive research is the fact that it relates to a number of variables and only one variable is required to conduct the research study27. Thus, descriptive research design will help in explaining, describing and validating the findings from the research conducted based on the research questions. World Politics: Trend and Transformation, 2016-2017. Cengage Learning, 2016. Sothorn, Mr Kem, Mr Kong Vanthen, and Mr Sok Samnang. "Migration, Human Trafficking Prevention and Sexual Exploitation. DiIulio, John J. " Revue internationale de droit pénal 81, no.

Hill, Michael, and Peter Hupe. "Implementing Public Policy. An Introduction to the Study of Operation Governance. Bayat, M. Rohim, Nur Zulaikha Afifah Abd, and Yarina Ahmad. "Factors Contributing to Women Trafficking in Malaysia: Perspectives from Policy Maker, Implementers & Non-Governmental Organization. " Journal of Administrative Science Special Edition: Socio-Economic Issue 14, no. Sabatier, Paul, and Daniel Mazmanian. "Can regulation work. Anti-Trafficking in Persons and Anti-Smuggling of Migrants Act, of 2007, 670 (2010). Bruckert, C. , & Parent, C. Trafficking in human beings and organized crime: A literature review. Ottawa: Research and Evaluation Branch, Community, Contract and Aboriginal Policing Services Directorate, Royal Canadian Mounted Police, 2002. "Human trafficking and organised crime. " ISS Working Paper Series/General Series 339, 2001: 1-30. BAKARE, IA. "INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS IN FIGHTING BOKO HARAM: UNITED NATIONS AND AFRICAN UNION AS CASE STUDY.